Numerical modelling of the forklift tip-over to test effectiveness of the safety components

Forklift overturning with its operator is the most common and dangerous type of an accident involving internal transport. The forklifts are equipped with safety components to avoid, or reduce the effects of forklift tip-over. However, there is very few information on the effectiveness of such systems. The aim of the research was to evaluate their effectiveness with the use of numerical simulation. The study relied on carrying out numerical simulations of forklift overturning with its operator. Active human body model was used in the research. Human body output parameters, e.g. forces and accelerations of the head and neck were used to estimate injuries sustained by an operator. The effectiveness of the safety components was assessed on the basis of estimated injuries.